Wall construction



Aug. 5, 1941. J. FINCK 2,251,535

WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed March 19, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 5, 1941. J.L. FINCK WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed March 19, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I I I I6/ a 6; 14/ ,5; w w

69 game/WW4 fisqvi Z.j?7z0fi I K [BA/M Patented Aug. 5, 1941 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE 2,251,585 WALL cons'raucrron Joseph 1.. Finch, is.r, I Application March 19, 193:, Serial No. 19am 3 Claims. (Cl. 154-45)The present invention relates to a new insu-' lating material and to anew wall structure embodying such insulating material. Moreparticularly, the present invention relates to an insulating materialwhich may be readily installed in wall structures which are designed tohave air spaces, the present material serving to partition said airspaces, thereby multiplying the heat resistance of such air spacesseveral fold. By means of the preferred form of the present inventionthe heat resistance of the air space is still further increased byminimizing the transmission of radiated heat through such air spaces.

The insulating material I propose to use and the structures I propose toform will utilize the above principles and will form a very effectiveand emcient insulation, will be very easy to install, and can befabricated very simply on a large scale and at a very low cost. Thisform of insulation can be applied to the walls and roofs of all types ofbuilding structures, and can be easily made to fit into all comers asunder gabled roofs. This material will also be found to meet allrequirements in the insulation of I railroad cars, ships, refrigeratorcabinets, automobile bodies, airplanes, cold storage warehouses andother structures which require eflicient and light weight insulation.

It will, therefore, be understood, that wherever the term w appears inthe following specification and claims, it applies to all suchstructures which contain insulating air spaces.

In the drawingsa Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a roll of the material;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of such material;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a portion of a wall having air spaces inwhich the present material is employed;

Fig. 4 shows a roll of a modified form of the invention;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a severed portion of the material shownin Fig. 4 and arranged ready for insertion in an air space;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a roll of the material in another form;

Fig. 7 is a perspective of a severed portion of the material shown inFig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a perspective of a severed portion of the material shown inFig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a section of a part of a wall having this form of the materialinserted in the air space;

of a severed portion Fig. 9 is a section of an insulated cabinetemploying the present invention.

The new insulating material of the present invention consists of a webof sheeted fibrous material, such as building paper or similar materialwhich is so prepared that a severed portion of the web may be installedin an air space with great facility so as to subdivide the air spaceinto a plurality of parallel air spaces. For this purpose, the webconsists of several plies which are free of each other except along theedges and are so attached or associated that any length of the web maybe severed and readily installed in an air space as by the attachment ofthe edgesin the preferred form the alternate plies are' covered on oneor both sides with a metal coating, such as metal foil, preferablyaluminum foil, for the purpose of minimizing the transmission ofradiated heat. Unooated material may, of course, be employed if desired.

The material is preferably made available to the trade in roll form;nevertheless, when desired, it may be made available in severed lengthsso that each such length may be said to constitute an insulation panelfor installation in insulation spaces.

Fig. 1 shows one form of the insulating material. In this i'orm the web20 of insulating material forms a roll.2l. The overall width of the webis somewhat in excess of the customary spacing of studding in a buildingframe. If the material is to be employed in other structures, then thewidth of the web 2| is somewhat greater than the spacing of thesupporting members therein.

The web 2| consists of three plies 22, 23, 24, all of the same width.The outer plies 22 and 24 -.re each coated with metal or metal foil 29,preferably on both faces, and each has marginal strips 25 and 26,respectively, which .are uncoated. The intermediate ply 23 is preferablyunooated and also has uncoated marginal strips 21. In each of the sheetscrease lines 20 serve to facilitate the bending of such marginal stripsduring the installation of such webs and their attachment to thesupports.

Each ply is attached to an adjacent ply only .along one edge or marginalstrip, the other edge remaining free in the case of outer plies, or, in

the case of intermediate plies, the other edge is attached to the otheradjacent ply. Thus, in the form shown herein, the outer ply 22 has onestrip 25 free, and has its other strip 25 attached tome adjacent strip21 in the intermediate ply 23,-,which in turn has its other strip 21attached to the strip 26 in the ply 24, while the opposite strip 26 isfree. Thus, the plies are free of each other along their surfaces so asto provide air spaces bordered by such plies. The attachment between thestrips 25 and 21 and between the strips 26 and 21 may be accomplished bystaples 28' or by sewing, pasting, or in any other suitable manner.

The manner in which this material is employed now becomes apparent fromthe showing of Fig.

3 which is a schematic horizontal-partial section of a wall andcomprises studding 30, sheathing or siding 3! which may be of anysuitable material and wallboard, plastic board or any other facingmaterial 32. In the course of construction, studding 30, 40 is firsterected and sheathing or siding 3| is then applied to the exterior ofthe studs. In the employment of the present material, before the innerfacing 32 is applied, a suitable length of the material 20 is cut fromthe roll 2|, and installed in the space between the adjacent studs asshown in Fig. 3. The marginal strip 25. is tacked to the stud at the farcorner as shown. The intermediate marginal strips are tacked to studs 40and 30 as shown, and the last free marginal strip 26 may be tacked onthe face of stud 40 or on-its side but adjacent the front face asdesired. Thus, by means of the present material and with the aid ofsimple operations involving only atacking operation, the large air spacebecomes divided into four smaller air spaces, thus substantiallymultiplying the heat resistance of the space four fold; and in additionthe insulating material provides at least one face of metal for each airspace, thereby substantially eliminating the transfer of radiated heat.across such air spaces.

It will be understood that the material is employed in substantially thesame manner in cell.- ings, in which case, 30 and 40 may be said torepresent joists, and also in roofs in which case 30 and 40 may be saidto represent rafters. The present material may thus be employed in anyand every insulating space.

It will also be understood that where the spaces happen to have peculiarshapes, the material 20 may be cut from the roll to suit the shape.

Under some circumstances, it may be sufficientmerely to tack the freemarginal strips as shown in Fig. 3 and leave the intermediate stripsuntacked, for the material will occupy the condition shown in Fig. 3even when the intermediate strips are untacked.

Fig. 4 shows another form of the invention. In this form the pliesinstead of being made of separate webs are all made of one wide web llwhich is divided into three longitudinal zones 42, 43, and H. The zones42 and 44 are each coated with metal foil 45 or with metal paint or withany other form of metallic coating for reflecting radiant heat on bothfaces while the intermediate zone 43 remains uncoated.

such portions to form intermediate attachment strips as shown in Fig. 3.Thus, an installation of a severed portion of the web II will look thesame as that shown in Fig. 3 except that the intermediate attachmentstrips are integral with each other. 1

Another form of fabric or web embodying the present invention is showninFig. 6; Fig. 7 shows a severed portion of this w b ready forinstallation in an air space.

The web 60 shown comprises three plies SI, 62, 63 having bent-upmarginal strips 64, 65, 86, respectively; so disposed that when attachedby means of staples 61, or by any other means, they form three spacedlayers. The plies BI and 63 are preferably coated with metal foil orwith metal bronze as shown at 69. Fig. 8 shows this material installedin an air space between adjacent studding by means of the tacks It, thusdividing the air space into severed air spaces, each bounded by a metalsurface, preventing the transmission of radiant heat.-

Fig. 9 shows the use of this invention in an insulated cabinet. Thematerial 13 is installed between the supporting members H and the outerand inner walls 12 and 14. The door 15 is similarly provided with thesame insulation.

simple tacking operation. All the forms shown herein may be employedeither with or without the metal coating.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. As a new product, a roll of three-ply building paper, from whichlongitudinal portions may be severed for installation in the air spacesbetween the studs of a frame wall to partition this space into severalair spaces disposed in series from one face of the wall to the otherface, the width of the roll being greater than the customary distancebetween studs and the several plies being of substantially the samewidth, the three ply web having a crease parallel and adjacent to eachedge forming an attachment strip in the marginal portion of each ply forattachment to the studs, each of the outer plies having one freeattachment strip for attachment to opposing studs, the intermediate plyhaving one of its attachment strips united with the adjacent attachmentstrip of one outer ply and having its other attachment strip united withthe adjacent attachment strip of the other outer ply, the plies beingotherwise free of each other, all attachment strips being bendable inthe same direction on the longitudinal creases.

2. As'a new product, a roll of three-ply building paper, from whichlongitudinal portions may be severed for installation in the air spacesbetween the studs of a frame wall to partition this space into severalair spaces disposed in series from one ,face of the wall to the otherface, the width of the roll being greater than the customary distancebetween studs and the several plies being of substantially the samewidth, the threeply web having a crease parallel and adjacent to eachedge forming an attachment strip in the marginal portion ofeach ply forattachment to the studs, each of the outer plies having one freeattachment strip for attachment to opposing studs, the intermediate plyhaving one of its attachment strips united with the adjacent attachmentstrip of one outer ply and having its other attachment strip united withthe adjacent attachment strip of the other outer ply, the plies beingotherwise free of each other, all attachment strips being bendable inthe same direction on the longitudinal creases, some of the pliesbearing a metal coating on at least one face over the area between themarginal attachment strips to minimize the transfer of radiated heatthrough the wall.

3. As a new product, a roll of three-ply building paper, from whichlongitudinal portions may be severed for installation in the air spacesbetween the studs of a frame wall to partition this space into severalair spaces disposed in series from one face of the wall to the otherface, the width of the roll being greater than the customary distancebetween studs and the several plies being of substantially the samewidth, the threeply web having a crease parallel and adjacent to eachedge forming an attachment strip in the marginal portion of each ply forattachment to the studs, each of the outer plies having one freeattachment strip for attachment to opposing studs, the intermediate plyhaving one of its attachment strips united with the adjacent attachmentstrip of one outer ply and having its other attachment strip united withthe adjacent at-

